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Preparation and characterization of EVAL hollow fiber membrane adsorbents filled with cation exchange

Fengli ZHANG, Yuzhong ZHANG, Hong LI, Guangfen LI,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第4期页码 462-467 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0011-1

摘要： EVAL hollow fiber membrane adsorbents filled with powder D061-type cation exchange resin were prepared through dry-wet spinning process, using hydrophilic copolymer EVAL as the fiber substrate. The microstructures of the membrane adsorbents were observed, and the pure water fluxes, BSA rejection, and static adsorption capacities of membrane adsorbents for BSA were measured. The effect of the resin-filled content on membrane performance has been discussed. The results showed that EVAL hollow fiber membrane adsorbents filled with D061-type cation exchange resins had good adsorption capacity, and the adsorption capacity increased with the quantity of the resin-filled content. The static protein adsorption capacity was 77.14 mg BSA/g membrane adsorbents when D061 resin loading content was 65% at pH 4.5.

关键词： substrate copolymer EVAL exchange EVAL hollow resin-filled content

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Preparation and characterization of alumina hollow fiber membranes

Tao WANG, Yuzhong ZHANG, Guangfen LI, Hong LI

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第3期页码 265-271 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0010-2

摘要： With the rapid development of membrane technology in water treatment, there is a growing demand for membrane products with high performance. The inorganic hollow fiber membranes are of great interest due to their high resistance to abrasion, chemical/thermal degradation, and higher surface area/volume ratio therefore they can be utilized in the fields of water treatment. In this study, the alumina (Al O ) hollow fiber membranes were prepared by a combined phase-inversion and sintering method. The organic binder solution (dope) containing suspended Al O powders was spun to a hollow fiber precursor, which was then sintered at elevated temperatures in order to obtain the Al O hollow fiber membrane. The dope solution consisted of polyethersulfone (PES), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), which were used as polymer binder, solvent and additive, respectively. The prepared Al O hollow fiber membranes were characterized by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TG). The effects of the sintering temperature and Al O /PES ratios on the morphological structure, pure water flux, pore size and porosity of the membranes were also investigated extensively. The results showed that the pure water flux, maximum pore size and porosity of the prepared membranes decreased with the increase in Al O /PES ratios and sintering temperature. When the Al O /PES ratio reached 9, the pure water flux and maximum pore size were at 2547 L/m ·h and 1.4 μm, respectively. Under 1600°C of sintering temperature, the pure water flux and maximum pore size reached 2398 L/(m ·h) and 2.3 μm, respectively. The results showed that the alumina hollow fiber membranes we prepared were suitable for the microfiltration process. The morphology investigation also revealed that the prepared Al O hollow fiber membrane retained its’asymmetric structure even after the sintering process.

关键词： Al₂O₃ ceramic membranes hollow fiber

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Energy reduction of a submerged membrane bioreactor using a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) hollow-fiber

Taro Miyoshi, Thanh Phong Nguyen, Terumi Tsumuraya, Hiromu Tanaka, Toru Morita, Hiroki Itokawa, Toshikazu Hashimoto

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1018-y

摘要： In this study, we modified a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) hollow-fiber membrane element used for submerged membrane bioreactors (MBRs) to reduce the energy consumption during MBR processes. The high mechanical strength of the PTFE membrane made it possible to increase the effective length of the membrane fiber from 2 to 3 m. In addition, the packing density was increased by 20% by optimizing the membrane element configuration. These modifications improve the efficiency of membrane cleaning associated with aeration. The target of specific energy consumption was less than 0.4 kWh·m in this study. The continuous operation of a pilot MBR treating real municipal wastewater revealed that the MBR utilizing the modified membrane element can be stably operated under a specific air demand per membrane surface area (SAD ) of 0.13 m ·m ·hr when the daily-averaged membrane fluxes for the constant flow rate and flow rate fluctuating modes of operation were set to 0.6 and 0.5 m ·m ·d , respectively. The specific energy consumption under these operating conditions was estimated to be less than 0.37 kWh·m . These results strongly suggest that operating an MBR equipped with the modified membrane element with a specific energy consumption of less than 0.4 kWh·m is highly possible.

关键词： Energy-saving Membrane bioreactor Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane Hollow fiber Power consumption

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Hollow-fiber gas penetration electrodes efficiently produce renewable synthetic fuels

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第5期页码 700-705 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0842-8

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Filtration ability of hollow fiber membrane for production of magnesium ammonium phosphate crystals by

H. Watamura, H. Marukawa, I. Hirasawa

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第1期页码 55-59 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1312-y

摘要： Relationship between magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) crystal properties and the filtration ability of hollow fiber membrane (HFM) were investigated. Phosphorus recovery process by crystallization has a problem that it produces a large amount of fine crystals. So improvement of the crystallization process by combining with filtration was discussed. MAP crystals were obtained by batch reaction crystallization and the filtration characteristics were investigated. The filtration was evaluated by the specific filtration resistance ( ) on HFM. Filtered slurry was prepared with each suspension density and crystal size distribution. The solution was filtered at constant pressure of 0.02 MPa and the filtration time on each filtrated volume was recorded. As a result, decreases exponentially with suspension density increasing from 0.25 g/L to 0.5 g/L and decreases moderately with suspension density increasing from 0.5 g/L to 1.5 g/L. of large crystals decreases exponentially at less suspension density than of small crystals does. Also, increases as the ratio of the fractured crystals increases.

关键词： membrane separation crystallization MAP

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Cell carrier function of hollow-fiber membrane in rotating wall vessel bioreactor

SONG Kedong, LIU Tianqing, ZHAO Hu, LI Xiangqin, MA Xuehu, CUI Zhanfeng

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第1期页码 34-39 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0022-3

摘要： Large-scale expansion of the osteoblasts of a Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat was studied in a rotating wall hollow-fiber membrane bioreactor (RWHMB) by using hollow-fiber membrane as the carrier. For the sake of contrast, cells were also expanded in a T-flask using a hollow-fiber membrane as carrier and in a rotating wall vessel bioreactor (RWVB) using a microcarrier. During the culture period, the cells were sampled every 12 h, and after 5 days, the cells were harvested and evaluated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining. Moreover, von-Kossa staining and Alizarin Red S staining were carried out for mineralized nodules formation. The results show that in RWHMB, the cells present better morphology and vitality and secrete much more extracellular matrix. It is concluded that the RWHMB combines the advantages of the rotating wall vessel and hollow-fiber membrane bioreactors. The hydrodynamic stimulation within it accelerates the metabolism of the osteoblast and mass transfer, which is propitious to cell differentiation and proliferation.

关键词： RWHMB microcarrier hematoxylin-eosin von-Kossa staining propitious

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三维编织锥体织物的减纱技术

朱建勋

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第3期页码 66-69

摘要：

研究了由大端直径开始编织三维锥体织物的减纱技术，包括列向、环向减锭减纱、减细纤维束减纱等多种减纱技术及其组合；分析比较了各种减纱技术对织物结构完整性、操作简便性、机械化编织等方面的影响。减细纤维束减纱技术是特殊的环向减锭技术，具有保持织物结构整体完整、工艺操作简便、纱锭运动可实现机械化等优点，但不同纱束直径纤维编织使织物单元结构构造变得复杂多变。

关键词：三维编织锥体织物减锭减纱减细纤维束减纱单元构造

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Effects of baffles on separation of aqueous ethanol solution with hollow fibers

Zhihong YANG, Guoliang ZHANG, Lan LIN, Danping REN, Qin MENG, Hongzi ZHANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第1期页码 68-72 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0130-8

摘要： The effects of baffles on the operation and mass-transfer characteristics in novel hollow fiber membrane contactor used in distillation were investigated. Hollow fiber membranes, coated with a 7 μm polydimethyl-siloxane, were operated as structural packing in the separation of ethanol-water solutions. The parallel flow mode was chosen for separation due to the stronger driving force of the concentration difference, in which liquid flows through the lumens of the fibers and vapor flows countercurrent-wise outside the fibers. Two baffles were installed on the shell side of the membrane contactors to enhance separation, which had a round shape with a semi-lunar hole. The results show that both baffled and unbaffled membrane contactors gave better, more productive separations than traditional packing in distillation, such as the excellent Sulzer Gauze BX structured packing. The baffled membrane contactors performed better than unbaffled ones, especially at high vapor velocities. The minimal HTU of membrane contactor with baffles could reach as low as 4.5 cm, and almost all the contactors could work well above the limit where flooding normally occurs in conventional cases. Theoretical analysis predicted that baffles helped membrane module to obtain a higher mass-transfer coefficient and a smaller mass-transfer resistance. Finally, theoretical mass-transfer coefficient and experimental value were compared as well as the contribution of each individual mass-transfer coefficients among liquid, gas and membrane.

关键词： hollow fiber membrane contactor baffle mass-transfer ethanol-water

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PDMS中空纤维渗透汽化膜处理含盐有机废水

李俊俊,顾瑾,孙余凭,张林,雷乐成

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第7期页码 68-72

摘要：

本文以聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）为膜材料，乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷（VTES）为交联剂，在聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）中空纤维支撑膜表面通过交联反应制备出PDMS/PVDF中空纤维渗透汽化复合膜。采用扫描电子显微镜和全反射傅里叶红外光谱仪表征复合膜的形貌和结构变化。研究了膜对正丁醇-水、异丙醇-水及丙酮-水三种模拟含盐有机废水的分离效果，并考察了温度对膜性能的影响。结果表明：PDMS/PVDF中空纤维膜对这三种模拟含盐有机废水有较好的分离效果，操作温度为40 ℃ 时，膜的渗透通量分别为275.95 g/(m²·h)、322.16 g/(m²·h)、489.76 g/(m²·h)，分离因子为37.82、12.60、33.12。

关键词：渗透汽化 PDMS 中空纤维膜含盐有机废水

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我国中空纤维膜技术与产业发展战略研究

肖长发,何本桥,武春瑞,龚耿浩,蒋士成

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第2期页码 153-160 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.02.021

摘要：

中空纤维膜技术是解决当前全球面临的水资源与能源危机、环境污染等重大问题的共性关键技术之一，也是节能减排、清洁生产、系统效率与产品品质提升等实现高质量发展的重要技术支撑。本文系统分析了中空纤维膜发展的战略需求、现状与趋势，指出了我国中空纤维膜技术在各个细分领域中存在的主要问题和未来创新重点，明确了2025年和2030年的发展目标。研究提出中空纤维超 / 微滤膜、高品质疏水膜、新膜技术、废旧膜回收 4 个方面的重点任务与要求，并从人才管理、创新投入、行业规范、国际合作 4 个方面给出了保障措施建议，以期为我国中空纤维膜产业高质量发展提供参考。

关键词：中空纤维膜，膜材料，膜应用，可持续和高质量发展

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陶瓷中空纤维内表面制备聚二甲基硅氧烷复合膜——从单通道到多通道 Article

董孜业, 朱海鹏, 杭颖婷, 刘公平, 金万勤

《工程（英文）》 2020年第6卷第1期页码 89-99 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.10.012

摘要：

在中空纤维载体内表面沉积分离层制备中空纤维复合内膜为其工业应用提供更多机遇，然而目前仍面临诸多挑战。本文提出通过涂覆/错流法在单通道或多通道陶瓷中空纤维内表面制备聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）复合膜。通过控制聚合物浓度和涂覆时间，优化了PDMS／陶瓷中空纤维复合内膜的纳米结构和分离性能。分别用场发射电镜（FE-SEM）、傅里叶红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）、纳米压痕/划痕技术和渗透气化回收生物丁醇测试表征了膜的形貌、表面化学性质、界面结合力和分离性能。系统研究了陶瓷中空纤维内表面PDMS膜层的形成机理。优化的PDMS/陶瓷中空纤维复合内膜具有薄且无缺陷的分离层，用于60 ℃下1 wt％正丁醇-水混合物分离，通量高达约1800 g·m^–2·h^–1，分离因子为35~38。本文提出涂覆/错流的简便方法用于制备中空纤维内表面涂层，显现出巨大潜力，在膜材料、吸附剂、复合材料等领域具有广泛应用前景。

关键词：陶瓷中空纤维内膜渗透汽化聚二甲基硅氧烷丁醇

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Nanostructured hollow spheres of hydroxyapatite: preparation and potential application in drug delivery

Xiaojing ZHANG, Weixin ZHANG, Zeheng YANG, Zhao ZHANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 246-252 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1299-9

摘要： A solvothermal method has been successfully used to prepare nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) hollow spheres with average diameters of about 500 nm and shell thicknesses of about 100 nm in a glycerin/water mixed solvent. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images show that the shells of the HA hollow spheres are actually composed of nanosheets with thicknesses of about 10 nm. By tuning the glycerin/water volume ratio, two other kinds of HA solid spheres with average diameters of about 6 or 20 μm were assembled from nanoflakes. The properties of the different kinds of spheres as drug delivery carriers were evaluated. Ibuprofen (IBU) was chosen as the model drug to load into the HA samples. The nanostructured HA samples showed a slow and sustained release of IBU. The HA hollow spheres exhibited a higher drug loading capacity and more favorable release properties than the HA solid spheres and thus are very promising for controlled drug release applications.

关键词： hydroxyapatite hollow spheres synthesis drug release

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Seismic performance of precast hollow bridge piers with different construction details

Zhiqiang WANG,Jiping GE,Hongyi WEI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第4期页码 399-413 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0273-7

摘要： Currently the design scheme of precast hollow concrete bridge piers will be adopted in bridge design in China, but there is no code including specific design details of precast segmental piers in high seismic risk area. For comparative study of seismic performance of the hollow bridge piers which had different design details, six specimens of hollow section bridge pier were designed and tested. The specimens consist of the monolithic cast-in-place concrete bridge pier, precast segmental prestressed pier with cast-in-place joint and precast segmental concrete bridge pier with dry joints. Results show that all specimens have good displacement capacity. The bridge pier with bonded prestressed strands exhibits better energy dissipation capacity and higher strength. The un-bonded prestressed strand bridge pier displays less residual plastic displacement and energy dissipation capacity. The bridge pier with both bonded prestressed strands at the edge of the section and un-bonded in the center of the section not only exhibits more ductility capacity and less residual plastic displacement, but also shows better energy dissipation capacity. Compared with experimental results of prestressed bridge columns, analytical result demonstrates the developed numerical analysis model would provide the reasonable and accurate results.

关键词： hollow pier seismic performance cyclic load precast concrete bridge columns

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Impingement of hollow cone spray on hot porous medium

ZHAO Zhiguo, XIE Maozhao

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 273-278 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0048-8

摘要： To have a good understanding of the formation of homogenous mixture in a porous medium engine, the interaction between hollow cone spray and hot porous medium was studied numerically by using an improved version of KIVA-3V code. The improved KIVA-3V code is incorporated with an impingement model, heat transfer model and linearized instability sheet atomization (LISA) model to simulate the hollow cone spray. The reasonability of the impingement model and heat transfer model was validated. With a simple model to describe the structure of the porous medium, the interaction between hollow cone spray and hot porous medium was simulated under different ambient pressures and spray cone angles. Computational results show that the fuel spray could be divided into smaller ones, which provides conditions for the quick evaporation of fuel droplets and the mixing of fuel vapor with air. Differences in ambient pressure and spray cone angle affect the distribution of droplets in the porous medium.

关键词： improved version simple impingement atomization hollow

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高效选择性PVDF中空纤维膜设计及除铯研究 Article

丁士元, 张利兰, 李阳, 候立安

《工程（英文）》 2019年第5卷第5期页码 865-871 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.07.021

摘要：

本研究通过一种简单有效的接枝方法成功制备了亚铁氰化铜/二氧化硅/聚偏氟乙烯（CuFC/SiO₂/PVDF）中空纤维膜。PVDF中空纤维膜通过SiO₂中间层将CuFC纳米颗粒固定以去除Cs。分别通过扫描电子显微镜和X射线能谱仪分析了改性膜表面形貌和化学组成。3层CuFC和0.5% SiO₂负载制备的CuFC/SiO₂/PVDF膜具有非常高的膜渗透通量（49 L·m^-2·h^-1·bar^-1）和Cs截留率（99.82%），且pH（4~10）的变化对Cs的去除率影响较小。改性膜可以通过NH₄NO₃进行多次有效再生。在1 mmol·L^–1的共存竞争离子（K⁺和Na⁺）影响下，改性膜仍保持较高的除Cs效率（8 h分别为76.25%和88.67%），展现出对Cs的选择去除性。特别地， CuFC/SiO₂/PVDF膜在处理含低浓度Cs（100 μg·L^–1）的天然地表水和模拟水体时表现出非常优异的去除率（>90%）。因此，CuFC/SiO₂/PVDF膜具有处理受Cs污染的放射性废水的工程应用潜力。